Putnam (Representations and reality. MIT Press, Cambridge, 1988) and Searle (The rediscovery of the mind. MIT Press, Cambridge, 1992) famously argue that almost every physical system implements every finite computation. This universal implementation claim, if correct, puts at the risk of triviality certain functional and computational views of the mind. Several authors have offered theories of implementation that allegedly avoid the pitfalls of universal implementation.Myaim in this paper is to suggest that these theories are still consistent with a weaker result, which is the nomological possibility of systems that simultaneously implement different complex automata. Elsewhere I (Shagrir in J Cogn Sci, 2012) argue that this simultaneous implementation result challenges a computational sufficiency thesis (articulated by Chalmers in J Cogn Sci, 2012). My focus here is on theories of implementation. After presenting the basic simultaneous implementation construction, I argue that these theories do not avoid the simultaneous implementation result. The conclusion is that the idea that the implementation of the right kind of automaton suffices for a possession of a mind is dubious.
Patrick Zakhia El-Khoury, Schaprio, Igor , Huntress, Mark , Melaccio, Federico , Gozem, Samer , Frutos, Luis Manuel , ו Olivucci, Massimo . 2012.
“Computational Photochemistry And Photobiology”. בתוך Crc Handbook Of Organic Photochemistry And Photobiology, 3rd ed, 1:Pp. 1029-1056. Boca Raton: CRC Press. .
Publisher's Version R. Spokoini, Moldavski, O. , Nahmias, Y. , England, J. , Schuldiner, M. , ו Kaganovich, D.. 2012.
“Confinement To Organelle-Associated Inclusion Structures Mediates Asymmetric Inheritance Of Aggregated Protein In Budding Yeast”. Cell Reports, 2, Pp. 738-747. doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2012.08.024.
Publisher's Version תקציר The division of the S. cerevisiae budding yeast, which produces one mother cell and one daughter cell, is asymmetric with respect to aging. Remarkably, the asymmetry of yeast aging coincides with asymmetric inheritance of damaged and aggregated proteins by the mother cell. Here, we show that misfolded proteins are retained in the mother cell by being sequestered in juxtanuclear quality control compartment (JUNQ) and insoluble protein deposit (IPOD) inclusions, which are attached to organelles. Upon exposure to stress, misfolded proteins accumulate in stress foci that must be disaggregated by Hsp104 in order to be degraded or processed to JUNQ and IPOD. Cells that fail to deliver aggregates to an inclusion pass on aggregates to subsequent generations. The ability of cells to asymmetrically segregate aggregates during division has become an increasingly fascinating topic in the field of aggregation and aging. In this study, Kaganovich and colleagues advance our cellular understanding of aging by showing that confinement of aggregated proteins is precisely regulated by compartmentalization in inclusions and is key to preventing generational transfer of aggregated proteins. The authors provide mechanistic insight that enables control of asymmetric aggregate inheritance. © 2012 The Authors.
We prove that every continuous value on a space of vector measure market games $Q$, containing the space of nonatomic measures $NA$, has the textitconic property, i.e., if a game $vin Q$ coincides with a nonatomic measure $nu$ on a conical diagonal neighborhood then $varphi(v)=nu$. We deduce that every continuous value on the linear space $mathcal M$, spanned by all vector measure market games, is determined by its values on $mathcalLM$ - the space of vector measure market games which are Lipschitz functions of the measures.
Every continuous-time stochastic game with finitely many states and actions has a uniform andlimiting-average equilibrium payoff.
Every continuous-time stochastic game with finitely many states and actions has a uniform and limiting-average equilibrium payoff.
We study non-zero-sum continuous-time stochastic games, also known as continuous-time Markov games, of fixed duration. We concentrate on Markovian strategies. We show by way of example that equilibria need not exist in Markovian strategies, but they always exist in Markovian public-signal correlated strategies. To do so, we develop criteria for a strategy profile to be an equilibrium via differential inclusions, both directly and also by modeling continuous-time stochastic as differential games and using the Hamilton-Jacobi-Bellman equations. We also give an interpretation of equilibria in mixed strategies in continuous-time, and show that approximate equilibria always exist.
R Gref, Domb, A, Quellec, P, Blunk, T, Müller, RH , Verbavatz, JM , ו Langer, R. 2012.
“The Controlled Intravenous Delivery Of Drugs Using Peg-Coated Sterically Stabilized Nanospheres”. Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 64, Pp. 316–326.
This paper examines the spatiotemporal characteristics of convective rain cells over the eastern Mediterranean (northern Israel) and their relationship to synoptic patterns. Information on rain cell features was extracted from high-resolution weather radar data. The radar-gauge adjustment, validation, cell segmentation and tracking techniques are discussed at length at the beginning of the paper. Convective rain cells were clustered into three synoptic types (two winter lows—deep Cyprus lows and shallow lows—and one tropical intrusion, Active Red Sea Trough) using several NCEP/NCAR parameters, and empirical distributions were computed for their spatial and temporal features. In the study region, it was found that the Active Red Sea Trough rain cells are larger, live for less time and possess lower rain intensities than the rain cells generated by the winter lows. The Cyprus low rain cells were found to be less intense and slightly larger on average than the shallow low rain cells. It was further discovered that the preferential orientation of the rain cells is associated with the direction and velocity of the wind. The effect of distance from the coastline was also examined. An increase in the number and area of the rain cells near the coastline was observed, presumably due to the sea breeze convection. The mean rainfall intensity was found to peak near the shore and decrease with distance inland. This information is of great importance for understanding rain patterns and can be further applied in exploring the hydrological responses of the basins in this region
This paper examines the spatiotemporal characteristics of convective rain cells over the eastern Mediterranean (northern Israel) and their relationship to synoptic patterns. Information on rain cell features was extracted from high-resolution weather radar data. The radar-gauge adjustment, validation, cell segmentation and tracking techniques are discussed at length at the beginning of the paper. Convective rain cells were clustered into three synoptic types (two winter lows—deep Cyprus lows and shallow lows—and one tropical intrusion, Active Red Sea Trough) using several NCEP/NCAR parameters, and empirical distributions were computed for their spatial and temporal features. In the study region, it was found that the Active Red Sea Trough rain cells are larger, live for less time and possess lower rain intensities than the rain cells generated by the winter lows. The Cyprus low rain cells were found to be less intense and slightly larger on average than the shallow low rain cells. It was further discovered that the preferential orientation of the rain cells is associated with the direction and velocity of the wind. The effect of distance from the coastline was also examined. An increase in the number and area of the rain cells near the coastline was observed, presumably due to the sea breeze convection. The mean rainfall intensity was found to peak near the shore and decrease with distance inland. This information is of great importance for understanding rain patterns and can be further applied in exploring the hydrological responses of the basins in this region.
Charles L Burton, Yan, Oscar H, Pat-Horenczyk, Ruth , Chan, Ide SF, Ho, Samuel , ו Bonanno, George A. 2012.
“Coping Flexibility And Complicated Grief: A Comparison Of American And Chinese Samples”. Depression And Anxiety, 29, Pp. 16–22.
Goren-Inbar Naama, Michael, Freikman , Yosef, Garfinkel , Nigel, Goring-Morris A. , ו Leore, Grosman . 2012.
“Correction: The Earliest Matches”. Plos One, 7, 8. doi:10.1371/annotation/b52d7ab3-3099-49e1-b4b5-30b76cf153b5.
Publisher's Version Marina Sokolsky-Papkov, Golovanevski, Ludmila , Domb, Abraham J, ו Weiniger, Carolyn F. 2012.
“Corrections To" Sokolsky-Papkov M, Golovanevski L, Domb A, Weiniger C. 2010. Poly (D, L: Lactic–Acid-Castor Oil) 3: 7–Bupivacaine Formulation: Reducing Burst Effect Prolongs Efficacy" In Vivo. J Pharm Sci 99: 2732–2738.”. Journal Of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 101, 2, Pp. 884.
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State of the Nation Report 2011, Taub Center for Social Policy (2012)
Hebrew versionWe show that the no betting characterisation of the existence of common priors over finite type spaces extends only partially to improper priors in the countably infinite state space context: the existence of a common prior implies the absence of a bounded agreeable bet, and the absence of a common improper prior implies the existence of a bounded agreeable bet. However, a type space that lacks a common prior but has a common improper prior may or may not have a bounded agreeable bet. The iterated expectations characterisation of the existence of common priors extends almost as is, as a sufficient and necessary condition, from finite spaces to countable spaces, but fails to serve as a characterisation of common improper priors. As a side-benefit of the proofs here, we also obtain a constructive proof of the no betting characterisation in finite spaces.
